Accounting Software

Malaysia
AutoCount
Merp Software
UBS

Standardization in Product Design

Advangates:
1) Fewer parts in inventory.
2) Reduce training cost and time.
3) Lower production cost.
4) Customer can get products immediately.

Disadvantages:
1) Variations are limited.
2) Do not encourage continuous design and improvement.

Sources of idea for new products

Idea for new products can come from the following sources:
1) Customer's feedback
2) Employees
3) Competitors products

How layoff may affects productivity of an organization

Layoff will initially increase productivity because fewer people doing the same amount of job. The remaining workers need to work harder or longer hour to complete the job due to fewer people doing the same amount of job. Over a period of time, the remaining will feel overload. Layoff may also make the remaining workers worry whether further layoff will happens or not. This two pushing factor may cause the competent workers to leave. Replacement to the new workers may need time to catch up and this may affect the productivity.

Productivity

Productivity is the ratio of output (product / service) over input (labor, material, etc..

Productivity = Output / Input

Productivity can be measured for an operation, department, organization or the whole country.

Productitity growth rate for a country is calculated from the following formula:

Productivity Growth = (Current Period Productivity - Previous Period Productivity) / (Previous Period Productivity) * 100

Productivity growth is an important factor that determine inflation. If productivity growth remains but wages and prices increased, inflation will increase.